How Much Can You Give Away without Paying Tax?

How Much Can You Give Away without Paying Tax?

During Memorial Day, many people spend time with their friends and family. With that in mind, I wanted to share a financial tip to those who are considering gifting, or perhaps receiving, financial gifts. I know that there are many misunderstandings about gifting rules, so I hope this helps.

Each year, the government sets a specific amount of money you can give, currently $17,000. This is called the Annual Gift Tax Exclusion, and it allows people to give away money without paying tax or informing the IRS.

This means you can give up to $17,000 to anybody, whether they are a friend or a family member, and do so without tax consequences. If you are married and your spouse also wants to give up to $17,000 to the same person, that’s fine. No one would need to notify the IRS.

Basically, you can give up to $17,000 per year to as many people as you want, all without gift tax liability.

What About Gifts of More Than $17,000?
Let’s say you want to give someone $50,000. Since this is $33,000 more than the annual gift exclusion of $17,000, you – but not the recipient – would need to report this to the IRS when you file your taxes. It’s a simple form.

Many people think that if they give more than $17,000 they will owe tax, but that is not likely the case.

If you give gifts exceeding the annual $17,000 limit, it counts toward your Lifetime Exemption. This is the amount an individual can give over the course of their life – including what you pass on at death – without incurring federal gift tax. That lifetime exemption amount is currently $12.92M per person.

Going back to your $50,000 gift, $33,000 of that would count towards the $12.92M max. That means you’ve used $33,000 of the lifetime exemption, and can “only” give $12,887,000 more before you are subject to that tax.

Exception for Spouses
There is one exception for gifting money to your spouse. You are allowed to give as much to your spouse during your life or at death without tax consequences, as long as your spouse is a U.S. citizen.

If your spouse is not a US citizen, there is an annual gift cap of $175,000 for 2023.

If you have any questions regarding gifting, please reach out.

Thank you and enjoy the weekend!

 

First Quarter Investment Commentary, 2023

First Quarter Investment Commentary, 2023

Investment returns during the first quarter were positive across the board: stocks and bonds, both domestically and abroad, were all up.

Q1 Investment Commentary – Overview

  • Q1 Economic Overview
    • The Value of Diversification
    • Labor Market Update
    • Inflation Trending Down
  • Q1 Stock & Bond Performance
  • Looking Ahead – Encouraging News on Inflation

Q1 Economic Overview
The first quarter gains occurred despite turmoil in the banking sector. With both the failure of Silicon Valley Bank and the collapse of Credit Suisse, it’s understandable that many were pessimistic and/or worried.

These events are a great reminder for why diversification is critical. Below is a screenshot showing the performance of Silicon Valley bank’s stock (in red) versus a diversified US benchmark, the S&P 500 (in blue):

At times, SVB stock was outperforming the US benchmark by more than 4x. Silicon Valley Bank employees receiving company stock must have been happy with these results, but unfortunately anyone that did not sell before the quick collapse lost all their money.

This is why diversification is the #1 rule in investing. It is also a good reminder to reassess how much of your own company stock you are comfortable holding.

Elsewhere in the economy, the labor market remained tight: The US added more than one million jobs, and the unemployment rate remains low at 3.5%:

In other good news, the biggest economic headwind from 2022, inflation, has also been trending down:

5% inflation is higher than we’d like – the target is 2% – but the downward trend is encouraging (more on that at the end of this article). This trend is also occurring around the world.

Taken together, these positive indicators point to momentum in the economy.

US Stocks
The US stock market returned 7.15% in Q1.

One interesting data point: When the S&P 500 has gained 7% or more during the first quarter (which has happened 16 times since WWII), the year has never been negative:

International Stocks
Developed International stocks (countries like Canada, Germany, and Japan) outperformed the US market, up 8.5%.

Emerging Markets (countries like Brazil, India, and Mexico) were up 4%:

If you go back to September 1st, 2022, Developed International stocks are up even more: 28% versus America’s 15%. This is another reminder on the benefit of diversification.

Bonds
Positive returns were seen across nearly all bond categories. US and international bonds both appreciated roughly 3%.

Looking Ahead – Encouraging News on Inflation
The illustration below shows that returns for stocks and bonds tend to be quite strong after inflation has peaked.

It appears that the US hit that peak back in June of 2022. Since then, the US Stock Market is up about 10% and Bonds are roughly flat:

The message here is about the forward-looking nature of markets. Positive returns tend to arrive well in advance of the data hitting the desired levels.

As always, please reach out if you have any questions or would like to connect.

It Can Pay to Hold Cash

It Can Pay to Hold Cash

Happy Saint Patrick’s Day! The color of the holiday is green, and with that in mind we wanted to share good news on something else green: cash. Specifically, getting paid by banks through savings account interest rates.

As a result of rising interest rates, some banks now pay 5%:

The bad news is that many still pay low interest:

If you have a lot of cash it pays to shop around. The table below highlights the potential difference in interest earned on $100,000, $300,000, and $500,000:

If you do not want the hassle of opening a new bank account, consider a money market fund. These can be bought in an investment account, which most people already have. One example is Schwab’s Value Advantage Money Fund (ticker symbol SWVXX). It has paid an annual rate of 4.49% over the past week.

Keep in mind that most interest payments are taxable. If you are in a high tax bracket, consider a tax-free fund. One example is Schwab’s California Municipal Money Fund (ticker symbol SWKXX). The interest is exempt from California and federal tax, and has paid an annual rate of 2.27% over the past week.

If you have any questions about maximizing the return on your cash, please reach out.

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Disclaimer: Investments are not guaranteed and are subject to investment risk, including possible loss of the principal amount invested. Past performance is no guarantee of future results. All allocations and opinions expressed are as of the date of this presentation and subject to change. The information contained herein does not constitute investment advice or a solicitation. Information obtained from 3rd parties is believed to be accurate, but has not been independently verified.

The opinions expressed in this article are for general informational purposes only and are not intended to provide specific advice or recommendations for any individual or on any specific security. The material is presented solely for information purposes and has been gathered from sources believed to be reliable, however Think Different Financial Planning cannot guarantee the accuracy or completeness of such information, and certain information presented here may have been condensed or summarized from its original source. Think Different Financial Planning does not provide tax or legal advice, and nothing contained in these materials should be taken as such. As always please remember investing involves risk and possible loss of principal capital. Advisory services are only offered to clients or prospective clients where Think Different Financial Planning and its representatives are properly licensed or exempt from licensure. No advice may be rendered by Think Different Financial Planning unless a client service agreement is in place.Your content goes here. Edit or remove this text inline or in the module Content settings. You can also style every aspect of this content in the module Design settings and even apply custom CSS to this text in the module Advanced settings.

Note Regarding Recent Bank Failures

Note Regarding Recent Bank Failures

By now you have likely heard about the closure of Silicon Valley Bank and Signature Bank. These are the #2 and #3 biggest bank failures in American history, and the biggest since the financial crisis of 2008.

Despite that grim comparison, the cause of these bank failures is fundamentally different from the banks of 2008. For a good analysis of how this happened, see here.

The good news today is that the US Treasury, Federal Reserve, and FDIC have stepped in to fully support depositors at these failed institutions. That means no money from bank clients will be lost, which should go a long way towards bolstering confidence in the banking system.

Given the speed that this occurred, one can’t help but wonder if their own money is safe.

How To Protect Your Cash
The FDIC insures the cash of an individual bank customer up to $250,000. This means that if you have $250,000 or less in a bank account and the bank fails, the FDIC will reimburse you.

With a joint bank account (two co-owners) the insurance increases to $500,000.

If you have more cash than the FDIC insures at a single bank, we suggest you:

  • Open accounts at multiple banks.
  • Open an account at a bank that is part of IntraFi Network Deposits, or check if one of your current banks is already a member, and enroll. They provide FDIC insurance well above the traditional limits through a network of banks, without you having to open multiple accounts.

If you have any questions or concerns please reach out.

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Disclaimer: Investments are not guaranteed and are subject to investment risk, including possible loss of the principal amount invested. Past performance is no guarantee of future results. All allocations and opinions expressed are as of the date of this presentation and subject to change. The information contained herein does not constitute investment advice or a solicitation. Information obtained from 3rd parties is believed to be accurate, but has not been independently verified.

The opinions expressed in this article are for general informational purposes only and are not intended to provide specific advice or recommendations for any individual or on any specific security. The material is presented solely for information purposes and has been gathered from sources believed to be reliable, however Think Different Financial Planning cannot guarantee the accuracy or completeness of such information, and certain information presented here may have been condensed or summarized from its original source. Think Different Financial Planning does not provide tax or legal advice, and nothing contained in these materials should be taken as such. As always please remember investing involves risk and possible loss of principal capital. Advisory services are only offered to clients or prospective clients where Think Different Financial Planning and its representatives are properly licensed or exempt from licensure. No advice may be rendered by Think Different Financial Planning unless a client service agreement is in place.Your content goes here. Edit or remove this text inline or in the module Content settings. You can also style every aspect of this content in the module Design settings and even apply custom CSS to this text in the module Advanced settings.

February Tax & Personal Finance Updates

February Tax & Personal Finance Updates

This article covers three topics related to your personal finances: Your taxes, your 401(k), and a few updates from the SECURE 2.0 legislation.

Taxes

  • The tax deadline for the vast majority of Californians has been extended to May 15 (originally April 18).*
  • How income tax works: I thought it might help to review how the American income tax system works. Below is a screenshot showing the federal tax brackets for a married couple filing together (California and many other states have their own additional tax brackets):

For example, if a married couple earned $200,000 of taxable income they would pay:

  • 10% tax on the income between $0 to $20,550 ($2,055)
  • Plus 12% tax on the income from $20,551 – $83,550 ($7,560)
  • Plus 22% tax on the income from $83,551 – $178,150 ($20,812)
  • Plus 24% tax on the income from $178,151 – $200,000 ($5,244)
  • Total: $35,671

Their overall tax rate, AKA their “effective tax rate,” is 17.8% ($35,671 divided by $200,000).

 

401(k)

  • The maximum annual 401(k) contribution increased this year to $22,500 (previously $20,500). If you plan on maxing out your 401(k) you may need to increase your savings rate.
  • Those aged 50 and over can contribute up to $27,000.

 

SECURE 2.0: The SECURE Act 2.0 is an update to the SECURE Act that was passed in 2019. The following is a partial outline of the most relevant changes:
401(k) Changes
  • Employer matching to retirement plans can now be made to a Roth 401(k). Previously, employer contributions had to be made with pre-tax dollars. If directed to a Roth 401(k), contributions are taxable to the employee.
  • Beginning in 2024, participants in retirement plans who are 50 or over and paid more than $145,000 will be required to make catch-up contributions on a Roth basis.

Required Minimum Distributions
The required minimum distribution age increased to 73 for those born between 1951 and 1959 and pushed back to 75 for those born in 1960 and later.

529 College Savings Accounts to Roth Conversion
Beginning in 2024, the SECURE Act 2.0 will allow a tax and penalty-free rollover from a 529 account to a Roth IRA account under certain conditions. This will allow money that was earmarked for educational purposes to be repurposed as retirement savings in the event those funds are not needed for education. The following requirements need to be met:

  • The 529 plan must have been open for at least 15 years.
  • The lifetime maximum rollover amount is $35,000.
  • The rollovers would be subject to the Roth IRA annual contribution limits.
  • No income limitation would apply.

Please contact us if you have questions about any of the topics above and their implications for your finances.

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Disclaimer: Investments are not guaranteed and are subject to investment risk, including possible loss of the principal amount invested. Past performance is no guarantee of future results. All allocations and opinions expressed are as of the date of this presentation and subject to change. The information contained herein does not constitute investment advice or a solicitation. Information obtained from 3rd parties is believed to be accurate, but has not been independently verified.

The opinions expressed in this article are for general informational purposes only and are not intended to provide specific advice or recommendations for any individual or on any specific security. The material is presented solely for information purposes and has been gathered from sources believed to be reliable, however Think Different Financial Planning cannot guarantee the accuracy or completeness of such information, and certain information presented here may have been condensed or summarized from its original source. Think Different Financial Planning does not provide tax or legal advice, and nothing contained in these materials should be taken as such. As always please remember investing involves risk and possible loss of principal capital. Advisory services are only offered to clients or prospective clients where Think Different Financial Planning and its representatives are properly licensed or exempt from licensure. No advice may be rendered by Think Different Financial Planning unless a client service agreement is in place.